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Sunda Wiwitan (Sundanese: "early Sunda", "real Sunda", or "original Sunda") is a religious belief system of traditional Sundanese. It venerates the power of nature and the spirit of ancestors (animism and dynamism).〔Ekadjati, Edi S, "Kebudayaan Sunda, Suatu Pendekatan Sejarah", Pustaka Jaya, Jakarta, 1995, halaman 72-73〕 The followers of this belief system can be found in some villages in western Java, such as Kanekes, Lebak, Banten; Ciptagelar Kasepuhan Banten Kidul, Cisolok, Sukabumi; Kampung Naga; and Cigugur, Kuningan Regency. In Carita Parahyangan this faith is called ''Jatisunda''. Its practitioners assert that Sunda Wiwitan has been part of their way of life since ancient times, before the arrival of Hinduism and Islam. The sacred book of Sunda Wiwitan is called Sanghyang siksakanda ng karesian, it is a didactic text of religious and moral guidance, rules and lessons. The text is identified as Kropak 630 by National Library of Indonesia. According to a ''kokolot'' (elder) of Cikeusik village, the people of Kanekes are not adherents of Hindu or Buddhist faiths; they follow an animistic system of belief that venerates and worships the spirits of ancestors. However, over the course of time Sunda Wiwitan was influenced by and incorporated Hindu, and to some extent, Islamic elements.〔Djajadiningrat, 1936: 11-12〕 ==Ontology and belief system== The highest spiritual power in Sunda Wiwitan is ''Sang Hyang Kersa'' ("The Powerful") or ''Nu Ngersakeun'' ("He Who has the Will"). This supreme being is also referred to with several names or divine titles, such as ''Batara Tunggal'' ("The One"), ''Batara Jagat'' ("Ruler of Universe"), and ''Batara Seda Niskala'' ("The Unseen"). Sang Hyang Kersa resides in the highest and the most sacred realm called ''Buana Nyungcung'' (Sundanese, lit: "Pointy Realm"). The Hindu gods (Brahma, Vishnu, Shiva, Indra, Yama, an so on) are considered subordinates of Sang Hyang Kersa.〔Ekadjati, Edi S, "Kebudayaan Sunda, Suatu Pendekatan Sejarah", Pustaka Jaya, Jakarta, 1995, halaman 73〕 According to Sunda Wiwitan ontology, the universe consists of three realms: #Buana Nyungcung ("The Pointy Realm" or "Peak Realm"): the uppermost realm; the abode of the supreme highest Sang Hyang Kersa. #Buana Panca Tengah ("The Middle World"): earth, the realm of human beings and animals, with five cardinal directions: east, west, north, south, and center/zenith. #Buana Larang ("The Forbidden World") : hell, the realm of demons and lowly spirits, the lowermost realm. Between ''Buana Nyungcung'' (the peak realm) and ''Buana Panca Tengah'' (earth) there are 18 layers of realms arranged in decreasing order of sacredness from top to down. The uppermost of these heavenly realms is called ''Bumi Suci Alam Padang'' or according to Kropak 630 (Sanghyang siksakanda ng karesian) called ''Alam Kahyangan'' or ''Mandala Hyang''. This second highest realm is the abode of Nyi Pohaci Sanghyang Asri and Sunan Ambu. Sang Hyang Kersa created seven bataras in Sasaka Pusaka Buana (The Sacred Place on Earth). The oldest of these bataras is called Batara Cikal and is considered the ancestor of the Kanekes people. Other bataras ruled various locations in Sunda lands. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sunda Wiwitan」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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